Preparing for the next pandemic by understanding the impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on patients with eating Disorders: observations from an inpatient setting.

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed eating disorder (ED) services worldwide. Data suggests a worsening of psychopathology and an increased request for specialised treatments. Still, the studies are mostly based on experimental protocols with underpowered short-term opportunistic experimental designs. Thus, this study aims to assess the clinical and psychological differences between patients admitted to a specialised ED Unit before and after the COVID-19 breakout. METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted from June 2014 to February 2022 in a specialised EDs Unit were enrolled. A total sample of 498 individuals was enrolled in this retrospective study, collecting demographic and psychopathological data at admission. RESULTS: An increase in the admission of patients with anorexia nervosa has been reported, with lower age and higher levels of specific and general psychopathology, especially linked to body uneasiness. CONCLUSIONS: Results are put into the context of the preparation for the next pandemic that may require similar mitigation measures as COVID-19 to ensure the impact on existing and new patients. Covering an extended period with validated tools, our results might help psychiatric services to reassess their treatment pathways after the pandemic, helping clinicians to delineate future treatment interventions.KEYPOINTSAfter the COVID-19 breakdown, there was an increase in the admission of patients with anorexia nervosa to specialised services.More severe psychopathology was not accompanied by lower body mass index.Specialised eating disorders services should face sudden changes in patients' requests for treatment.Understanding the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting mitigation measures taken can lead to better preparations for the next pandemic.

Impact of COVID-19 Campus Closure on Undergraduates.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an abrupt transition from in-person to online learning in Spring 2020. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of the transition on undergraduates during the period following the campus closure. Method: 131 psychology undergraduate students completed an online survey of how the COVID-19 closure had impacted their academics, online learning environment, and traumatic stress symptoms (using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the DSM-5). Results: Most participants reported increased academic difficulty compared to before closure. Approximately 30% reported elevated traumatic stress symptoms. Greater traumatic stress was associated with greater difficulty completing assignments, more limited access to the internet and quiet places to study, and greater sibling-care responsibilities. Conclusions: The acute transition to online instruction posed academic and emotional challenges to many students, especially those from environments with competing demands or less access to academic supports. Follow-up evaluation is needed to determine whether these difficulties have persisted in subsequent semesters of online instruction. Teaching Implication: Instructors should anticipate the emotional and academic needs of students who are relatively unfamiliar with online instruction and consider ways to minimize negative environmental impacts and increase access to mental health resources.

Evaluation of cognitive, mental, and sleep patterns of post-acute COVID-19 patients and their correlation with thorax CT.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we have evaluated the cognitive, mental, and sleep patterns of post-COVID patients 2 months after their hospitalization, and after scoring their hospitalization thorax CTs, we have compared the degree of the lung involvement with cognitive and mental states of the patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty post-COVID patients were included in our study. Patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 and who had thorax CT scan at the admission were included in the study. Thorax CT scans of the patients were scored using chest severity scoring (CT-SS). The Mini-Mental State Examination test (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Hamilton Depression and Hamilton Anxiety scales of all the participants were evaluated by the same person. RESULTS: Early stage cognitive impairment was detected in 15% of post-COVID patients in the MMSE test and mean MMSE test score was 26.9 ± 2.1. The MoCA test detected cognitive impairment in 55% of the patients, and the mean MoCA score was 19.6 ± 5.2. Furthermore, all patients showed depressive symptoms in Hamilton Depression Scoring System and 57.5% of the patients showed anxiety symptoms in the Hamilton Anxiety Scoring System. The mean Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index of the patients was 10.7 ± 3.1, and it was found to be higher than normal. The mean CT-SS scores, which used to evaluate the lung involvement, of the patients were 4.7 ± 5.6. We did not find any correlation between patients' cognitive tests and CT-SS scores. CONCLUSION: When these results are taken into consideration, our study has shown that the neuropsychiatric symptoms of the patients who had COVID-19 continued even after 2 months of their illness. Therefore, long-term rehabilitation of these patients, including cognitive education and psychological services, should be continued.

COVID-19 fear and anxiety as mediators in the relationship between repetitive negative thinking and psychopathology: a community-based study during the 2nd confinement in Portugal.

Repetitive negative thinking is a cognitive dimension of the onset and maintenance of psychopathology, and increased levels of psychopathology have been observed during COVID-19 lockdowns. The role of fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 anxiety has been poorly explored in terms of psychopathology during lockdowns due to the pandemic crisis. This study examines the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 anxiety in the relationship between repetitive negative thinking and psychopathology during the second lockdown in Portugal. Participants completed a web survey that included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale, the Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts Scale, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21. The results showed a positive and significant correlation between all variables and identified fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 anxiety as significant mediators in the relationship between repetitive negative thinking and psychopathology during the second lockdown in Portugal, after controlling for being isolated, being infected, and working in first line response of COVID-19. Overall, the current findings highlight the role of cognitive dimensions such as anxiety and fear in the context of COVID-19, nearly a year after the pandemic outbreak and after the release of a vaccine. Mental health programs should consider improving coping strategies for emotion regulation, particularly fear and anxiety, during major catastrophic health-related events.

Portuguese adolescents' perception of the Covid-19 pandemic: Gender differences and relation with psychopathological symptoms

The Covid-19 pandemic is having a great impact on people's mental health all over the world. Adolescents have been facing several potential stressors. The aim of this study was to explore how Portuguese adolescents were perceiving the Covid-19 outbreak and the relationship between the perceived impact of the pandemic and mental health. Participants were 130 adolescents (97 girls) who completed online questionnaires about the Covid-19 pandemic and the DASS-21. Around 73% of the adolescents agreed that the Covid-19 pandemic affected their lives and 45% felt emotionally affected. Feeling uncomfortable around family during quarantine was correlated with depression (r = .39), anxiety (r = .44), and stress symptoms (r = .37), and feeling capable to deal with the pandemic was negatively correlated with psychopathological symptoms. Girls seemed to be more emotionally affected. Results revealed the negative effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on Portuguese adolescents' mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Portuguese) A pandemia de Covid-19 esta a ter um grande impacto na saude mental das pessoas em todo o mundo. Os adolescentes tem enfrentado diversos potenciais stressores. O objectivo deste estudo foi explorar como os adolescentes portugueses percecionaram o surto do Covid-19 e a relacao entre o impacto percebido da pandemia e a saude mental. Os participantes foram 130 adolescentes (97 do sexo feminino) que responderam a questionarios online sobre a pandemia de Covid-19 e DASS-21. Cerca de 73% dos adolescentes concordaram que a pandemia afectou as suas vidas e 45% sentiu-se emocionalmente afectado. Sentir-se desconfortavel perto da familia durante a quarentena mostrou-se correlacionado com sintomas de depressao (r = .39), ansiedade (r = .44) e stress (r = .37) e sentir-se capaz de lidar com a pandemia esteve negativamente correlacionado com sintomas psicopatologicos. Adolescentes do sexo feminino pareceram ficar mais emocionalmente afectadas. Esses resultados apontam para o efeito negativo da pandemia de Covid-19 na saude mental dos adolescentes portugueses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) La pandemia de Covid-19 esta teniendo un gran impacto en la salud mental de las personas. Los adolescentes se han enfrentado a varios posibles estresores. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar como los adolescentes portugueses percibieron el brote de Covid-19 y la relacion entre el impacto percibido de la pandemia y la salud mental. Los participantes fueron 130 adolescentes (97 mujeres) que respondieron cuestionarios online sobre la pandemia Covid-19 y DASS-21. 73% de los adolescentes estuvo de acuerdo en que la pandemia de Covid-19 afecto sus vidas y el 45% se sintio emocionalmente afectado. Sentirse incomodo con la familia durante la cuarentena se correlaciono con sintomas de depresion (r = .39), ansiedad (r = .44) y estres (r = .37), y sentirse capaz de lidiar con la pandemia se correlaciono negativamente con los sintomas psicopatologicos. Las adolescentes parecian estar mas emocionalmente afectadas. Estos resultados apuntan al efecto negativo de la pandemia Covid-19 en la salud mental de los adolescentes portugueses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Early executive control buffers risk for adolescent psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a global impact on youth mental health, and there is a critical need for research examining individual factors that contribute to increased psychopathology during the pandemic. The current study explored whether executive control (EC) abilities in early childhood interact with COVID-related stress to attenuate risk for adolescent psychopathology during the first 6 months of the pandemic. METHODS: Participants were 337 youth (49% female) living in a small midwestern city in the United States. Participants completed EC tasks when they were approximately 4.5 years old as part of a longitudinal study investigating cognitive development. At annual laboratory visits during adolescence and before the pandemic, participants (Mage = 14.57) reported on mental health symptoms. In July and August of 2020, participants (Mage = 16.57) reported on COVID-related stress and depression, anxiety, and trauma symptoms. RESULTS: COVID-related stress was associated with increased internalizing problems after controlling for prepandemic symptom levels. Further, the impact of COVID-related stress on adolescent internalizing problems was moderated by preschool EC, with higher levels of EC buffering the effects of COVID-related stress on adolescent internalizing problems. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the importance of promoting EC early in development, as well as screening for EC deficits and implementing targeted intervention strategies across the lifespan to help reduce the impact of stress on adolescent internalizing problems.

COVID-19: Predictors of depression and anxiety among high school students

Although it is thought that Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection does not clinically affect children as severely as adults, the short and long-term psychological effects on adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic are quite significant. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and related factors in high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. In June and July 2020, 506 high school students from two different provinces were included in the present study. A questionnaire form including sociodemographic characteristics, 'Child Depression Scale' and 'State-Trait Anxiety Scale' were applied online. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were used in data analysis, and p<0.05 was accepted as significance level. Depression prevalence was 22.9 %, median trait anxiety score was 44, and median state anxiety score was 39. Low-income level, think of themselves or the household was at risk, using information sources other than health professionals, high screen time, high mother coronavirus stress score and low family communication score were shown to increase depression. Higher school grades, not regularly exercising, think of themselves or the household were at risk, staying alone at home, high mother's and father's coronavirus stress scores and low family communication score were shown to increase state anxiety. Adolescents highly suffer from psychological outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is essential to involve the family in planning and implementing early mental health interventions during the pandemic, especially as parent-related factors affect children's psychological state. During the social isolation period, it is recommended to organize indoor exercise programs for children and adolescents, limit the time spent in front of the screen, and improve communication with family members. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Turkish) Koronavirus Hastaligi 2019 (COVID-19) klinik olarak cocuklari eriskin bireyler kadar etkilemese de COVID-19 pandemisinin adolesanlar uzerindeki kisa ve uzun donem etkileri oldukca onemlidir. Bu calismanin amaci COVID- 19 pandemisinde lise ogrencilerinin depresyon ve anksiyete sikligi ile etkileyen faktorlerin belirlenmesidir. Calismaya Haziran-Temmuz 2020 tarihlerinde 2 farkli ilden 506 lise ogrencisi dahil edilmistir ve sosyodemografik ozellikleri iceren bir soru formu, 'Cocuk Depresyon Olcegi' ve 'Durumluk-Surekli Anksiyete Olcegi' online olarak uygulanmistir. Veri analizinde tek degiskenli ve cok degiskenli analizler uygulanmis olup p<0.05 anlamlilik duzeyi olarak kabul edilmistir. Depresyon sikligi %22.9, surekli anksiyete olcek puani ortanca degeri 44, durumluk anksiyete olcek ortanca degeri 39 olarak bulunmustur. Dusuk gelir duzeyi, kendinin ya da ayni evde yasadigi kisilerin risk altinda oldugunu dusunme, bilgi kaynagi olarak saglik profesyonelleri disindaki kaynaklarin kullanilmasi, uzamis ekran suresi, koronavirusle ilgili anne stres puaninin yuksek olmasi, aile ici iletisim puaninin dusuk olmasinin depresyon sikligini artirdigi gosterilmistir. Daha yuksek okul sinifi, duzenli egzersiz yapmama, kendinin ya da ayni evde yasadigi kisilerin risk altinda oldugunu dusunme, evde yalniz kalma, koronavirusle ilgili anne ve baba stres puaninin yuksek olmasi ve aile ici iletisim puaninin dusuk olmasinin anksiyete puanini artirdigi gosterilmistir. Adolesanlar COVID-19 pandemisinin psikolojik sonuclarindan oldukca muzdariptir. Ozellikle ebeveyn iliskili faktorlerin cocuklarin psikolojik durumunu etkiledigi goruldugunden, pandemide erken ruh sagligi mudahalelerinin planlanmasi ve uygulanmasinda ailenin dahil edilmesi onemlidir. Sosyal izolasyon doneminde cocuk ve ergenler icin ev ici egzersiz programlarinin duzenlenmesi, ekran basinda gecen surenin kisitlanmasi, aile bireyleri ile iletisimin iyilestirilmesi onerilmektedir. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Portuguese adults' psychopathological symptoms: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: The impact of the pandemic on mental health has been demonstrated in several reports. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on multiple dimensions of psychopathology in Portuguese adults. We compare a pandemic sample assessed during the second lockdown in Portugal with a prepandemic sample. METHOD(S): Participants provided socio-demographic and clinical information and responded to the Brief Symptom Inventory. RESULT(S): The pandemic group relative to the prepandemic group demonstrated significantly higher levels for BSI scales of depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety, and lower scores for paranoid ideation. At the level of the 53 BSI items, significant difference between pandemic and prepandemic groups occurred for 20 of the items. CONCLUSION(S): Results describe the multidimensional influence of the pandemic on psychological functioning and are relevant to guiding the implementation of intervention strategies.Copyright © 2021 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA.

For the Greater Good: Isolating Young Children From Their Own Mothers During COVID-19. Was It a Good Idea? An Empirical Study

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments enacted strict measures to stop the spread of the virus. Among these was the recommendation that children with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 be isolated in a room at home. Methods: Through a longitudinal study with three waves and using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, the Child Behavior Checklist 1,5-5, and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, we intended to verify whether young children and their mothers showed psychopathological symptoms and distress as a result of quarantine separation. Results: Our results showed that mothers' symptoms significantly increased from Time 1 to Time 2 and remained stable at Time 3, except for the anxious and depressive symptoms, which increased also at Time 3. Similarly, children's problems significantly increased from Time 1 to Time 2 and remained stable and high at Time 3. Discussion: This descriptive study may help policy makers to consider the negative outcomes of quarantine separation for children's and mothers' psychological well-being in case of future pandemics. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology is the property of Guilford Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Psychological Inflexibility, Ruminative Thinking, Worry and Self- Compassion in Relation to College Adjustment

Üniversitenin ilk yıllarından itibaren artan psikolojik zorluklardan dolayı üniversite öǧrencilerinin ruh saǧlıǧı daha fazla ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. Üçüncü dalga bilişsel davranışçı yaklaşımlardan birisi olan Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi (KKT), temel kavramı olan psikolojik esneklik ile davranış deǧişimine kabul ve farkmdalık boyutuyla odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışma psikolojik esneklik/katılık, ruminatif düşünme, endişe ve öz-şefkatin üniversiteye uyum üzerindeki rolünü yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu araştırmaya bir devlet üniversitesinde birinci sınıfta öǧrenim görmekte olan 657 (486 kadın, 171 erkek) öǧrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak, Üniversite Yaşam Ölçeǧi, Kabul ve Eylem Formu-II, Ruminatif Düşünme Stili Ölçeǧi, Perin Eyalet Endişe Ölçeǧi, Öz-Şefkat Ölçeǧi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları psikolojik esneklik/katılıǧm öǧrencilerin öz-şefkat, ruminatif düşünme, endişe ve üniversiteye uyum düzeylerini anlamlı bir şekilde yordadıǧmı ortaya koymuştur. Diǧer taraftan, bulgular ayrıca öz- şefkatin üniversiteye uyumu anlamlı bir şekilde yordadıǧmı ancak ruminatif düşünme ve endişenin üniversiteye uyumu anlamlı olarak yordamadıǧmı ortaya koymuştur. Son olarak, öz şefkatin psikolojik esneklik ile üniversiteye uyum arasında kısmi bir aracı etkiye sahip olduǧu fakat ruminatif düşünme ve endişenin bu ilişkide anlamlı bir aracı rolünün olmadıǧı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu araştırmaya dair tartışma, sonuç ve gelecek çalışmalara dair öneriler sunulmuştur.Alternate :The mental health of college students has received more attention due to increase of psychological distress starting from the beginning of university life. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one of the third wave Cognitive Behavioral approaches, focuses on behavior change by emphasizing acceptance and awareness with its core concept of psychological inflexibility. This study aimed to investigate the role of psychological inflexibility, rumination, worry and self-compassion on college adjustment by implementing structural equation modeling. 657 (486 female, 171 male) freshman students at a state university participated in the study. In terms of data collection tools, The University Life Scale, Acceptance an Action Questionnaire-II, the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire, The Penn State Worry Questionnaire and The Self-Compassion Scale were used. The results indicated that psychological inflexibility significantly predicted students' self-compassion, rumination, worry and college adjustment levels. On the other hand, the results also revealed that while self-compassion significantly predicted the college adjustment, rumination and worry levels did not significantly predicted the college adjustment of freshman students. Finally, while self compassion was a partial mediator in the relationship between psychological inflexibility and college adjustment, ruminative thinking and worry were not significant mediators. The discussions and implications of the study were presented, as well as suggestions for further studies.

INTOLERANCE OF UNCERTAINTY, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 IN INDONESIA

This Covid-19 pandemic brings uncertainty and may lead to mental problems. Yet, in this context, no study has examined the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and either anxiety or depression during pandemic among Indonesians. This study investigated the pathway between IU, anxiety and depression serially mediated by cognitive appraisals (perceived severity, controllability, and knowledge) and emotional and behavioural responses to COVID-19. Online psychological measures were administered to 406 participants, including the IUS-12, the DASS-21, cognitive appraisal scales, and emotional and behavioural response scale. An indirect pathway was found between IU and depression, and the effect was serially mediated by perceived of severity and emotional and behavioural responses to COVID-19. Perceived knowledge and perceived controllability of COVID-19 did not significantly contribute to the model. A similar pathway was found for IU predicting anxiety. As conclusion, IU represents a risk factor for heightened emotional and behavioural difficulties that eventually, could lead to either anxiety or depression during COVID-19.

Real network and virtual network. Transformations and continuity in care for socially withdrawn adolescents during the Covid-19 pandemic

During the Covid-19 emergency, patients suffering from social withdrawal and complex psychopathologies remained in contact with their hospital's Child Neuropsychiatry Department through sessions and interviews conducted remotely. After also suffering an initial phase of shock themselves, the health professionals outlined roadmaps for reaching their patients and finding new ways of letting them know that they were there, by their side, in any case, despite everything. In parallel, collaboration with colleague psychotherapists working outside the hospital environment made it possible to keep on with their work in a network. During this time of health-care emergency, all the professionals involved in the network found themselves walking a tightrope amidst the storms of adolescence in situations of serious psychopathology made even more complex by the pandemic. They nevertheless trusted that mental growth can spring from an experience of turbulence that, if mirrored, understood and supported, can become transformative. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Italian) Durante 1'emergenza da Covid 19 pazienti sofferenti, con ritiro sociale e una psicopatologia complessa, restano in contatto con la Struttura di Neuropsichiatria Infantile ospedaliera attraverso le sedute e i colloqui da remoto. Dopo una prima fase di shock che attraversa anche gli operatori, si delineano sentieri per raggiungere i nostri pazienti e trovare nuovi modi per far sentire che siamo 11 accanto a loro, comunque, nonostante tutto. Parallelamente, la collaborazione con le colleghe psicoterapeute che lavorano in ambito extra-ospedaliero permette di tenere e mantenere il lavoro in rete. In questo tempo di emergenza sanitaria, tutti gli operatori coinvolti nella rete si sono trovati a camminare "sul filo", nella tempesta dell'adolescenza, in una situazione di grave psicopatologia, resa ancor piu complessa dalla pandemia, ma con la fiducia che la crescita mentale pud originare da una esperienza di turbolenza che, se rispecchiata, compresa e sostenuta, diviene trasformativa. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Psychological distress among teaching staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A transdiagnostic perspective on profiles of risk and resilience.

Teaching staff are especially vulnerable to COVID-19-related stress, due to the significant demands they have experienced. Yet, many have shown resilience-good mental health despite stress exposure. The current study used a person-centered approach to identify distinct profiles according to individual differences in psychosocial risk and protective factors. Latent Profile Analysis and ANOVAs were employed among 350 Israeli teaching staff during the fourth wave of COVID-19. Two distinct profiles, "risk" (55%) and "resilience" (45%) were identified. While groups showed no differences in COVID-19-related stress outcomes, they consistently differed in their psychological reaction to COVID-19 (psychopathology, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction).

Cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia with L-Carnosine adjuvant therapy - A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.

The antioxidant L-Carnosine is reported to improve negative and cognitive symptoms in Schizophrenia. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was planned to study the effectiveness of adjuvant L-Carnosine therapy in patients with Schizophrenia. 100 eligible patients with predominant negative symptoms as measured by scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS total score ≥ 60) and Schizophrenia diagnosis (International Classification of Disorder-Tenth Edition, ICD-10) were recruited. They were randomly allocated to receive a fixed dose of either 400 mg L-Carnosine or identical placebo for 3 months and increased to 800 mg from 13th week till completion of study. Primary outcome measures assessed changes in SANS scores with L-Carnosine at 24 weeks compared to baseline, 4 and 12 weeks. Secondary outcome measures were done to assess the improvement in cognitive symptoms (executive function, attention, and memory) at 24 weeks using subtests of NIMHANS (National Institute for Mental Health and Neurosciences) cognitive battery. Side effects were assessed using adverse events reporting form. The attention scores (p = .023) showed significant differences in patients receiving 800 mg of L-Carnosine at the end of the study. There were no significant differences in negative symptoms in the two arms at study completion. L-Carnosine dosing of 800 mg may be a promising agent to enhance executive functions in Schizophrenia.

Associations between gender identity, eating disorder psychopathology, and food insecurity among Canadian adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

There is a clear association between food insecurity and eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, mainly among samples in the United States and prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, Canadians experience food insecurity as well, which may have been heightened by the pandemic and its associated restrictions. The associations between food insecurity and ED psychopathology among Canadians remains underexamined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore associations between food insecurity and ED psychopathology by gender identity among a national sample Canadian adolescents and young adults. Data were collected from 2714 participants aged 16 to 30 years old from across Canada. Participants reported sociodemographic characteristics, ED psychopathology, and food insecurity experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic through an online survey. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, ANOVAs, and regression analyses were conducted. Overall, 8.9% of the sample experienced food insecurity, with the highest prevalence among transgender and gender nonconforming individuals. Generally, those with no food insecurity reported the lowest ED psychopathology compared to higher ED psychopathology among those with food insecurity. Several unique differences were observed between cisgender men and cisgender women, while there were no significant associations between food insecurity and ED psychopathology found among transgender and gender nonconforming individuals. Further research is needed to investigate how the relationship between food insecurity and ED psychopathology differs based on gender, and to continue to explore food insecurity experienced beyond the COVID-19 pandemic as food insecurity possesses a considerable health threat to all.

Men's opiate-derived drug abuse and psychopathology in their wives: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This study investigated the effect of men's substance use disorders (SUD) to opiate-derived drugs on the psychopathology of their wives in Iran. This study was performed according to known reporting guidelines for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Information about the study design, participants, sampling method, context, mean, standard deviation, and effect size from each study are extracted and tailored to this review. Also, covidence systematic review software is used in this study. The present study identified 405 records, of which 9 studies with 2533 participants were included for meta-analysis. The results showed that addicted men's wives in comparison with non-addicted men's wives had an increased risk of depression, generalized anxiety, specific phobia, interpersonal sensitivity and communication problems, obsessive-compulsive, somatization, hostility and aggression, paranoid thoughts, psychoticism, social dysfunction. Overall, husbands' SUD to opiate-derived drugs results in the incidence of psychopathology in their wives. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic related stressors on patients with anxiety disorders: A cross-sectional study

The COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures are affecting mental health, especially among patients with pre-existing mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the first wave and its aftermath of the pandemic in Germany (March-July) on psychopathology of patients diagnosed with panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and specific phobia who were on the waiting list or in current treatment at a German university-based outpatient clinic. From 108 patients contacted, forty-nine patients (45.37%) completed a retrospective survey on COVID-19 related stressors, depression, and changes in anxiety symptoms. Patients in the final sample (n = 47) reported a mild depression and significant increase in unspecific anxiety (d = .41), panic symptoms (d = .85) and specific phobia (d = .38), while social anxiety remained unaltered. Pandemic related stressors like job insecurities, familial stress and working in the health sector were significantly associated with more severe depression and increases in anxiety symptoms. High pre-pandemic symptom severity (anxiety/depression) was a risk factor, whereas meaningful work and being divorced/separated were protective factors (explained variance: 46.5% of changes in anxiety and 75.8% in depressive symptoms). In line with diathesis-stress models, patients show a positive association between stressors and symptom load. Health care systems are requested to address the needs of this vulnerable risk group by implementing timely and low-threshold interventions to prevent patients from further deterioration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Creating through covid: Virtual art therapy for youth resettled as refugees

Art therapy reduces trauma-related psychopathology in refugee youth. Given the added stress of COVID-19 on traumatized refugee populations, we adapted art therapy for refugee youth and their families in the virtual space. We describe program development, implementation and experientials, and clinical recommendations illustrated through two cases. Observations and feedback support art therapy as a tool to address socioemotional functioning in families who resettle as refugees and foster positive emotions, sense of self and community, confer stress coping skills, and enhance resilience. In light of the persistence of the pandemic, the unprecedented number of global refugees, and their unique needs for mental health services, virtual art therapy can expand accessibility and reach of beneficial methods to address trauma in refugee groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Correction: A qualitative evaluation of team and family perceptions of family-based treatment delivered by videoconferencing (FBT-V) for adolescent Anorexia Nervosa during the COVID-19 pandemic

Reports an error in "A qualitative evaluation of team and family perceptions of family-based treatment delivered by videoconferencing (FBT-V) for adolescent anorexia nervosa during the COVID-19 pandemic" by Jennifer Couturier, Danielle Pellegrini, Laura Grennan, Maria Nicula, Catherine Miller, Paul Agar, Cheryl Webb, Kristen Anderson, Melanie Barwick, Gina Dimitropoulous, Sheri Findlay, Melissa Kimber, Gail McVey, Rob Paularinne, Aylee Nelson, Karen DeGagne, Kerry Bourret, Shelley Restall, Jodi Rosner, Kim Hewitt-McVicker, Jessica Pereira, Martha McLeod, Caitlin Shipley, Sherri Miller, Ahmed Boachie, Marla Engelberg, Samantha Martin, Jennifer Holmes-Haronitis and James Lock (Journal of Eating Disorders, 2022[Jul][26], Vol 10[111]). In the original article, there was an error in co-author Gina Dimitropoulos's name: the name was incorrectly presented as "Gina Dimitropoulous". The correct name is included in the author list of this Correction and has been updated in the original article. (The following of the original article appeared in record 2022-86500-001). Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, outpatient eating disorder care, including Family-Based Treatment (FBT), rapidly transitioned from in-person to virtual delivery in many programs. This paper reports on the experiences of teams and families with FBT delivered by videoconferencing (FBT-V) who were part of a larger implementation study. Methods: Four pediatric eating disorder programs in Ontario, Canada, including their therapists (n = 8), medical practitioners (n = 4), administrators (n = 6), and families (n = 5), participated in our study. We provided FBT-V training and delivered clinical consultation. Therapists recorded and submitted their first four FBT-V sessions. Focus groups were conducted with teams and families at each site after the first four FBT-V sessions. Focus group transcripts were transcribed verbatim and key concepts were identified through line-by-line reading and categorizing of the text. All transcripts were double-coded. Focus group data were analyzed using directed and summative qualitative content analysis. Results: Analysis of focus group data from teams and families revealed four overarching categories-pros of FBT-V, cons of FBT-V, FBT-V process, and suggestions for enhancing and improving FBT-V. Pros included being able to treat more patients and developing a better understanding of family dynamics by being virtually invited into the family's home (identified by teams), as well as convenience and comfort (identified by families). Both teams and families recognized technical difficulties as a potential con of FBT-V, yet teams also commented on distractions in family homes as a con, while families expressed difficulties in developing therapeutic rapport. Regarding FBT-V process, teams and families discussed the importance and challenge of patient weighing at home. In terms of suggestions for improvement, teams proposed assessing a family's suitability or motivation for FBT-V to ensure it would be appropriate, while families strongly suggested implementing hybrid models of FBT in the future which would include some in-person and some virtual sessions. Conclusion: Team and family perceptions of FBT-V were generally positive, indicating acceptability and feasibility of this treatment. Suggestions for improved FBT-V practices were made by both groups, and require future investigation, such as examining hybrid models of FBT that involve in-person and virtual elements. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)